Elastic tire for vehicles.



No. 793,508. PATENTED JUNE 27, 1905.

A. T. COLLIER.

ELASTIC TIRE FORLVEHIGLES.

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ELASTIC TIRE FOR VEHICLES. v

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UNITED STATES Patented June 27, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR THOMAS COLLIER, OF ST. ALBANS, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE REILLOCTYRE COMPANY, LIMITED, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, A CORPORATION OF GREATBRITAIN.

ELASTIC TIRE FOR VEHICLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 793,508, dated June 27,1905.

Application filed November 28, 1904. Serial No. 284,619.

15b (0 whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ARTHUR THOMAS COL- LIER, a subject of the King ofGreat Britain, residing at St. Albans, Herts, England, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Elastic Tires forVehicles, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates principally to the means adopted for holding theindia-rubber or like elastic material of an elastic tire to a wheel-rimso as to avoid packing a large portion of the india-rubber or likeelastic material inside the upturned flanges of the rim,

In tires heretofore in general use a channeled steel rim is employedwith the sides more or less incurved to bite into and hold theindia-rubber, and in many cases this means of holding is supplemented bywires passing through the india-rubber either longitudinally ortransversely. Owing to the elastic nature of india-rubber, it has beenfound that it is necessary when employing these means to make the wallsof the channel on the rim of considerable height in proportion to thetotal height of the elastic tire, and as the indiarubber inside thesaid. channel is tightly held that portion of the tire does notcontribute to the resilience of the tire and except for the purpose ofholding the tire to the rim is wasted.

The object of this invention is to prevent this waste of india-rubber,for which purpose the whole of the elastic tire is placed above theholding-flanges of the wheels, and at the same time the use of achanneled rim which cuts the india-rubber and causes it to wear awaywhen in use at the upper edges of the channel, owing to theconstantfriction at those points, is avoided. To effect these objects,during the processof forming the tire layers of canvas are embedded atintervals in the india-rubber throughout the section of the tire, andthe said canvas is brought through the lower sides of the india-rubberto form circumferential strips or tags, by means of which the tire canbe held to the wheel in various suitable ways. These strips or tags arepreferably covered with india-rubber. The canvas layers are preferablyinserted in the body of the tire during the manufacture thereof andbefore it is vulcanized and are preferably of an open network nature, soas to prevent the liability of the india-rubber peeling from the canvaswhen the tire is in use. In tires for use on the driving-wheels of amotorvehicle it is preferable to employ canvas strips cut on the bias,so that the stress shall be as nearly tangential as possible; but inother cases the canvas may be cut on the straight. The improved tire canbe made in continuous lengths or spued, and in such tires there will bea division in the tire where the ends are brought together, and canvascut on the straight will be the more suitable. Canvas cut on thestraight is also used in cases where it is desired to provide forrenewing portions of the tire without renewing the whole of the tire. Insome cases in lieu of woven canvas cords or the like. embedded in theindia-rubber may be used.

By the said invention it is possible to allow free movement of the wholeof the india-rubber in the tire in every direction, thus rendering itavailable for its legitimate purpose of cushioning the Wheel. Anotheradvantage of the improved solid tire is the ease of renewal, as the usercan aflix the tire himself.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a transverse section of a tireand rim employed therewith, showing how the said invention may beconveniently and advantageously carried into practice; and Fig. 2 is aside view of a portion of a tire, showing the barrel-nut for tighteningthe retaining-wire. Fig. 3 is a similar view to Fig. 1, showing amodification of the improved tire.

a is a wheel-felly which is provided with a metal tire b and withlateral channels or recesses c 0. These channels are arranged belowz'.0., nearer to the center of the wheel than the iron tire b and havetheir outer walls formed by flanged rings cl d, which are also arrangedbelow the iron tire b and are detachably secured in position by means ofbolts 0 6 extending transversely through the folly a.

f is the india-rubber or other elastic tire, which has embeded thereinduring its manufacture layers g g of canvas of an open network nature,which arearranged at intervals, as shown, so as to be separated bylayers of india-rubber, thus permitting compression to take placebetween the layers and imparting resiliency to the tire. These layers ofcanvas converge toward the lower edges of the bottom or foot of thetire, where they extend out to form fastening-strips it h and pass roundspiral wires 7' which form passages through which the fastening-wires isIn can pass freely. The canvas in the said fastening-strips is coveredexternally with indiarubber, as at m m, so as to protect it frommoisture and at the same time form a fluidtight joint between the tireand the felly a. The ends of the fastening-wires 7c in may beadvantageously joined by nuts 0, having right and left handedscrew-threads, so as to enable them to be tightened and loosened asrequired, or one end of the barrel-nut may engage a collar on the wire,the other end being screw-th readed. By forcing apart the ends of thewires or rods iv by means of the said nuts or screw-couplings the edgesof the tire may be conveniently enlarged to enable it to be placed ontoor removed from a wheel. Preferably the wires and nuts are built intothe tire in the manufacture thereof, openings n being subsequently cutin the side strips or tags, as shown in Fig. 2, to expose the nuts 0 ortightening devices, so that the same can be operated by a tommy orotherwise in the wellknown manner.

Another means of attachment that may be employed is shown in Fig. 3 andcomprises, a. g. four strips of canvas 9, extending transversely throughthe india-rubberf near the middle of its section and passing down nearthe sides to the lower corners, at each of which corners they extendaround a strip or piece 1) of hard rubber or suitable material and thenup again into the india-rubber about midway between the middle and thebase of the tire. The headings so formed are preferably wedge-shaped,with the apex upward or outward, and may be covered with thin metal tofacilitate a sliding downward movement when the holding-flanges ml (eachof which has a corresponding groove Q in it) are tightened against thesides of the wheel, which also may have grooves 0 to correspond withthose in the holding-flanges d. The headings may, however, be of anyshape in cross-section, such as circular or square.

in cases where the vehicle is required to carry very heavy loads two ofthe improved tires may be arranged side by side on the fellies.

What I claim is- 1. A solid tire of india-rubber or like material,layers of fabric embedded therein at intervals throughout the sectionthereof, said layers of fabric converging toward the sides of the footthereof where they extend to the exterior, spiral wires arranged in theparts of said fabric external to said tire, wires extending through thepassages in said spiral wires, and means for drawing together andforcing apart the ends of said wires within said spiral wires.

2. The combinatiomwith the felly or rim of a vehicle-wheel havinglateral recesses on each side ofits outer peripheral surface, of a solidtire of india-rubber or like material, layers of fabric embedded in saidtire and extending out of said tire at the sides thereof and resting inthe lateral recesses in said felly or rim, spiral wires arranged in theparts of said fabric external to said tire, wires extending through thepassages in said spiral wires, means for drawing together and forcingapart the ends of said wires within said spiral wires, and flangesdetachably secured to the sides of said felly or rim and of a lesserdiameter than the outer peripheral surface of said felly or rim.

3. The combination, with the felly or rim of a vehicle-wheel havinglateral recesses on each side of its outer peripheral surface, of asolid tire of india-rubber or like material, layers of fabric embeddedin said tire and extending out of said tire at the sides thereof andresting in the lateral recesses in said felly or rim, spiral wiresarranged in the parts of said fabric external to said tire, wiresextending through the passages in said spiral wires and havingscrew-threaded ends, and screw-couplings for uniting said screw-threadedends.

4:. The combination, with the felly or rim of a vehicle-wheel havinglateral recesses on each side of its outer peripheral surface, ofa'solid tire of indiarubber or like material, layers of fabric embeddedin said tire and extending out of said tire at the sides thereof andresting in the lateral recesses in said felly or rim, spiral wiresarranged in the parts of said fabric external to said tire, wiresextending through the passages in said spiral wires and havingscrew-threaded ends, screw-couplings for uniting said screw-threaded endand flanges detachably secured to the sides of said felly or rim and ofa lesser diameter than the outer peripheral surface of said felly.

5. A solid tire of india-rubber or like material, layers of fabricembedded therein and extending out of the same at the sides thereof,spiral wires arranged in the parts of said fabric external to said tire,a layer of india-rubber or like material covering the external parts ofsaid fabric, wires extending through the passages in said spiral wires,and screw-couplings for connecting the ends of the wires in said spiralwires. v

6. The combination, in a wheel, of a metal tire, a felly or rim havingrecesses formed therein on each side of said metal tire, said recessesbeing of less diameter than said metal IIO tire, a solid tire ofindia-rubber or like material, layers of fabric embedded in said tireand extending out of said tire at the sides thereof and resting in thelateral recesses in said felly or rim, a spiral wire in the parts ofsaid fabric external to said tire, a wire extending through the passagein said spiral wire, means for drawing together and forcing apart theends of said non-spiral wire, and flanges detachably secured to thesides of said felly or rim and of a less diameter than the outerperipheral surface of said felly or rim but of a greater diameter thanthe parts of said lateral recesses nearest to the axis of the wheel.

7. The combination with the felly or rim of a vehicle-wheel havingrecesses on each side of its outer peripheral surface, of a solid tireformed of elastic material and having lateral fastening strips or tags,layers of fabric of an open network nature embedded at intervals in thecross-section of said solid tire, said layers of fabric convergingtoward the sides of the foot of said solid tire where they extend intosaid fastening strips or tags, spiral wires in said strips or tags, rodsextending through the passages in said spiral wires and screwcouplingsfor drawing together and forcing apart the ends of said rods.

8. The combination with the felly or rim of a vehicle-wheel havingrecesses on each side of its outer peripheral surface, of a solid tireformed of elastic material and having lateral fastening strips or tags,layers of fabric of an open network nature which are cut on the bias andare embedded at intervals in the cross-section of said solid tire, saidlayers of fabric converging toward the sides of the foot of said solidtire where they extend into said fastening strips or tags, spiral wiresin said strips or tags, rods extending through the passages in saidspiral wires andscrew-couplings for drawing together and forcing apartthe ends of said rods.

9. The combination with the felly or rim of a vehicle-wheel havingrecesses on each side of its outer peripheral surface, of a solid tireformed of elastic material and having lateral fastening strips or tags,layers of fabric of an open network nature embedded at intervals in thecross-section of said solid tire, said layers of fabric convergingtoward the sides of the foot of said solid tire where they extend intosaid fastening strips or tags, spiral wires in said strips or tags, rodsextending through the passages in'said spiral wires, screw-couplings fordrawing'together and forcing apart the ends of said rods, and flangesdetachably secured to the sides of said felly or rim and of a diameternot exceeding that of the outer peripheral surface of said felly or rim.

10. A solid tire formed of elastic material and having lateral fasteningstrips or tags, layers of fabric of an open network nature cut on thebias and embedded at intervals in the cross-section of said tire, saidlayers of fabric converging toward the sides of the foot of said tirewhere they extend into said strips or tags, spiral wires located in thefabric in said strips or tags, rods extending through the 7 passages insaid spiral wires, and screw-couplings for drawing together and forcingapart the ends of said rods.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

ARTHUR THOMAS COLLIER.

Witnesses:

GEORGE HARRISON, HERBERT A. BEESTON.

